
Walk into any pharmacy sixty years after the pill reshaped reproductive health, and you will find dozens of contraceptive options for women but only three for men: condoms, a scalpel, or the pull-out method. Male birth control has existed in theory for decades, yet it remains stubbornly absent, and not because the science is lacking.

Two condom packets on yellow background
Male hormonal contraception research began in the 1970s with weekly testosterone injections, sometimes combined with progestins, to suppress sperm production. The method worked. Early trials achieved severe oligozoospermia (extremely reduced sperm concentration) and, in some cases, full azoospermia (no detectable sperm in the semen). In 1990, a…
In direct response to the current global political climate, we center these timely stories in conversations within this issue – looking beyond the lines, and at what it means to cross them.
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